Ticks are important ectoparasites of livestock. Beside the transmission of diseases, they cause significant economic losses. Chemical control using different acaricides is common method for controlling ticks. The medicinal plants are favorable alternatives for tick control due to their safety for animals and environment. The effect of ethanol extract of Nicotiana rustica (wild tobacco) against all stages of hard tick Hyalomma anatolicum was elucidated using egg hatchability test and the immersion method. The extract was tested in three replicates of 2, 4, and 8% concentrations. Complete inhibition of egg hatching occurred at 8% concentration. N. rustica extract was lethal to all flat stages of H. anatolicum. The LC95 on flat stages of larvae, nymphs and adults was 5.5, 7.59 and 8.41, respectively. The engorged larvae completely failed to molt into nymphs. The extract significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced molting of engorged nymphs and inhibited egg lying of the engorged females. However, the significant (P ≤ 0.05) lethal effect (33.8%) on engorged female was only observed at 2% concentration. Results of this study showed that, N. rustica can be considered a promising botanical acaricide against the hard tick Hyalomma anatolicum, The image portrays a scientist in a laboratory setting, focusing on her research with a microscope. In the foreground, there are three glasses containing ticks submerged in a yellow solution, demonstrating a study on these ectoparasites. The workspace is neatly organized with papers scattered on the table, suggesting ongoing research. The room is filled with plants that add a touch of nature to the scientific environment. This setting highlights the importance of ticks as pests in livestock management and suggests alternative methods of tick control using natural extracts. The scene emphasizes the contrast between scientific rigor and environmental consciousness in pest control solutions
